Can the Bitless Bridle be Used for Driving?
Short Answer: Yes.
Long answer: Yes, because
The fundamental principles of equine physiology which can be cited to demonstrate that use of the bit for riding is a mistake apply equally, if not more so, to driving. It is a mistake, for example, to use any method of communication, such as a metal in the mouth, which causes pain. Not only is this a mistake from the point of view of animal welfare but also with regard to the welfare of the rider or driver. An animal in pain cannot pay attention to instructions.
Bits frighten horses and they run from pain. It is a serious and potentially dangerous mistake to frighten an animal as powerful as a horse. If a bit is in the mouth of a well-trained horse and the reins or lines from the bit are in the hands of a master horseman, perhaps such a situation is acceptable but only on the understanding that the bit is hardly used, if at all. But a method of communication that requires such finesse is not a method that can be recommended to the average horseman and certainly not to the novice. The bit is a method of communication that is too easily abused, albeit unintentionally in most cases.
Research by Dr.Robert Cook has shown that the bit is responsible for causing over a hundred problems in equitation (see the evidence in articles available on the website at www.bitlessbridle.com ). Most of the problems can be classified under the heading of fear (manifested as nervousness, anxiety, a tendency to lather-up, and become 'hot'). But the pain of the bit frequently triggers flight (bolting, running-away, rushing, and restlessness) and also fight (resistance, arguments, bucking, rearing, and a general loss of that harmony between man and horse which is the basis of good horsemanship). The fourth 'F' is facial neuralgia (the headshaking syndrome, which includes muzzle rubbing, sneezing, snorting, head shyness, photophobia etc.,). In addition, the bit obstructs a horse's breathing (shortness of breath, 'roaring,' soft palate displacement, asphyxia, and bleeding from the lungs), causes premature fatigue (falls, stumbling, stresses and strains to the legs) and reduces performance. It physically damages the bone of the jaw at the bars of the mouth and is a frequent cause of exquisitely painful bone spurs at this site. Finally, the bit damages the teeth and causes both dental and TMJ pain. A more detailed indictment of the bit is available online at www.bitlessbridle.com.
The Driver's Needs: The driver relies even more heavily than the rider on effective and safe (i.e., painless) communication with the horse's head. In the absence of any ability to control by seat and legs, the hand aids are of prime importance. Voice aids and discrete communication via the whip are supplementary aids but the rein is the only direct communication that the driver has for most of the time.
The Driver's 'Advantage': Because the driver's feet can be stabilized on the dashboard, it is relatively easy for the driver, when using a bitted bridle, to throw the whole of his body weight against the horse's highly-sensitive mouth. The leverage provided by the long reins facilitates this process mechanically and further increases the intensely focused pressure on the bars of the mouth, tongue and lips. In reality, such an 'advantage' represents a liability, as it is far too easy to inflict severe pain.
The Bitless Bridle Alternative: The two compelling advantages of the Bitless Bridle are that, first, it is virtually impossible to inflict pain. Secondly, partly because of this pain-free feature but also because of the head-hugging design of the bridle, it provides superior and comprehensive communication. The driver is safeguarded against the possibility that, in an emergency and albeit unintentionally, he might hurt the horse and precipitate a crisis. In driving, as in riding, Cook is of the opinion that accidents are less likely to happen if the bridle is bitless rather than bitted.
Can the Bitless bridle be used for Showing? The current regulations for competition driving require the use of a bit. Until these regulations are amended, a Bitless Bridle will not be acceptable for FEI sponsored competitions. In due course, organizations will surely recognize that the Bitless Bridle is entirely compatible with their stated objectives of safeguarding the welfare of the horse and the safety of the discipline of driving. Accordingly, they will undoubtedly be eager to update their regulations to bring them into line with the advance in welfare that the Bitless Bridle offers.
In the meantime, though the Bitless Bridle option is freely open to pleasure drivers, it is only partially open to competition drivers. Competition drivers and their horses cannot benefit from the full advantages of the Bitless Bridle during an actual competition. Nevertheless, drivers can choose to train their horses in the Bitless Bridle. Even though they have to revert to a bitted bridle for the competition, some of the advantages of the bitless training will carry over. For example, come the day of the competition, the horse will not have such a sore mouth and will not, for this reason, be so nervous, apprehensive and liable to spook.
Product Availability: A Bitless Bridle headstall specifically designed for driving, as opposed to riding, is available in all sizes from draft to Miniature. In the first instance it will be available in black Beta material only. The headstall is designed in such a way that the driving lines can be attached to the rings of the crossover straps on the headstall, just as the riding reins now attach. In other words, drivers will use their own lines and also the rest of their standard driving harness. Every driving headstall will be provided with a throat latch but will not be provided with side checks. These can be added if a driver so wishes.
User discretion must decide whether a side check should be added to the Bitless Bridle. Dr. Cook does not feel that such a device is essential, anymore than blinders are essential.
How should a carriage horse be first introduced to the Bitless Bridle? The same general recommendations and guidelines apply as described in the current User Manual for the riding bridle. Similarly, the same reservations apply with regard to the prevention of accidents. Neither the Bitless Bridle Inc nor individuals can accept liability for any accidents that might occur during use of the bridle.
Stage 1: Even though a horse may already be trained to drive in a bitted bridle, it should first be ground-driven in the Bitless Bridle. The ground-driving should commence in a restricted space until confidence is gained with regard to all the basic aids. Stage 2: The horse should be harnessed to a carriage but still driven in a small paddock rather than the open countryside. Stage 3: Regular use in open country but preferably in company with one other experienced and companion carriage horse Stage 4: First trials in company with multiple carriages and strange horses.
Technical Support Dr. Cook has had minimal personal experience of carriage driving and does not regard himself as an expert in this field. Nevertheless, he is most willing to work with carriage drivers to help them in any way he can with their transition from bitted to bitless communication. He can be contacted by telephone in Chestertown, MD at (410) 778 9005. His e-mail address is drcook@bitlessbridle.com. A collection of Users' Comments about driving are available on the website www.bitlessbridle.com, click on the menu options for 'driving' and 'Standardbred racing and driving') and more will be added as these are received. Feedback is welcomed. Even though the huge amount of information currently installed on the website has been developed in relation to riding rather than driving, most of it is also relevant to driving. Drivers will find many answers to their questions already available online.
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